The best books on the history of paper

Why am I passionate about this?

I'm a writer, lecturer, biologist, ecologist, and two-time Fulbright Scholar (to India and Malaysia). I'm now a fiction writer, but I’ve always been a storyteller who writes in a historical framework. While I feel an almost compulsive obligation to keep faith with the facts, my main objective is to tell a story—as dramatically, suspensefully, and entertainingly as I can. My first non-fiction book, Papyrus: the Plant that Changed the World was featured as a clue on Jeopardy. It tells the story of a plant that still evokes the mysteries of the ancient world. My most recent book, The Pharaoh's Treasure is about the origin of paper and the rise of Western civilization.


I wrote...

The Pharaoh's Treasure: The Origin of Paper and the Rise of Western Civilization

By John Gaudet,

Book cover of The Pharaoh's Treasure: The Origin of Paper and the Rise of Western Civilization

What is my book about?

For our entire history, humans have always searched for new ways to share information. This innate compulsion led to the origin of writing on the rock walls of caves and coffin lids or carving on tablets. But it was with the advent of paper made from papyrus when the ability to record and transmit information exploded, and the Kingdom of Paper came into being.  This allowed for a real exchange of ideas for the first time in human history from the banks of the Nile throughout the Mediterranean—and the civilized world.  In The Pharaoh’s Treasure, I look at this pivotal transition from the wall to papyrus paper, which would become the most commonly used information medium in the world for more than 4,000 years.

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The books I picked & why

Book cover of Writing on the Wall: Social Media - The First 2,000 Years

John Gaudet Why did I love this book?

This book by Standage is less about papermaking and more about gossip, sharing social media, and how papyrus paper allowed for the emergence of the first social media ecosystem in the world. It also serves as a justification for the Kingdom of Paper. 

Almost three thousand years after the beginning of which came ‘Cicero’s Web’ which served as a social medium. Cicero, the Roman orator and insatiable letter writer, in the 1st Cent BC created a papyrus paper web that provided an example later used by the early Christians, and with the advent of pulp paper would serve the world until the time of Gutenberg in 1450, after which paper reigned for over a half-century until 1969 when Internet traffic began. 

It follows the use of letters. pamphlets, books, and newspapers as paper fueled the growth of social media during the evolution of Western civilization.

By Tom Standage,

Why should I read it?

1 author picked Writing on the Wall as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

From the bestselling author of A History of the World in 6 Glasses, the story of social media from ancient Rome to the Arab Spring and beyond.

Social media is anything but a new phenomenon. From the papyrus letters that Cicero and other Roman statesmen used to exchange news, to the hand-printed tracts of the Reformation and the pamphlets that spread propaganda during the American and French revolutions, the ways people shared information with their peers in the past are echoed in the present.

Standage reminds us how historical social networks have much in common with modern social media. The…


Book cover of The Paper Trail: An Unexpected History of a Revolutionary Invention

John Gaudet Why did I love this book?

Monro draws our attention to China and Islam and provides evidence of the spread of the Kingdom of Paper later in the 10th Century to China where millions were using Chinese pulp paper for money, scrolls, and other products. 

He presents a detailed history of writing in China and the use of early media, esp. silk, and bamboo strips. Paper, whatever it was made of and wherever it appeared, was a writing surface cheap, portable, and printable enough that books and pamphlets began to be mass-produced and to travel more widely through the world from the time of Cheops’ early papyrus paper. 

Monro discusses how in the pre-digital age, paper aided the rise of both universal education and universal suffrage and refers to the ‘Republic of Letters’ which transcended national divisions. In modern times the multiple uses of paper, especially as wrappings, indicate that the Kingdom of Paper has increased even as the digital age spelt a reduction in the Republic of Letters.

The result? Formerly closed paper mills are now reopening to meet the demand!

By Alexander Monro,

Why should I read it?

1 author picked The Paper Trail as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

The Paper Trail tells the story of how a simple Chinese product has for two millennia allowed knowledge, ideas and religions to spread at an unprecedented rate around the world. Alexander Monro traces this groundbreaking invention's voyage, beginning with the Buddhist translators responsible for its spread across China and Japan, and follows it westward along the Silk Road, where it eventually became the surface of the Quran. Once paper reached Europe, it became indispensable to the scholars who manufactured the Renaissance and Reformation from their desks. As Monro uncovers, paper created a world in which free thinking could flourish, and…


Book cover of Paper Before Print: The History and Impact of Paper in the Islamic World

John Gaudet Why did I love this book?

Bloom’s book, available in hardcover at a reasonable price, but not on Kindle, is a work of art. 

His intention is obviously to cover the period between 105 AD when pulp paper was first made and the 1000s AD when the Islamic papermakers saw their improved paper taken over by medieval Italian mills where it was improved further into the type of paper that could be used by Gutenberg in the 1450s. 

This period of over a thousand years saw profound changes, during which the papyrus paper and parchment that still ruled the Kingdom of Paper was gradually replaced. Bloom also explores the impact of paper on the development of writing, books, mathematics, music, art, architecture, and even cooking.

And he discusses why Europe was so quick to adopt paper from the Islamic lands and why the Islamic lands were so slow to accept printing in return. Altogether a remarkable effort.

By Jonathan M. Bloom,

Why should I read it?

1 author picked Paper Before Print as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

Like the printing press, typewriter, and computer, paper has been a crucial agent for the dissemination of information. This engaging book presents an important new chapter in paper's history: how its use in Islamic lands during the Middle Ages influenced almost every aspect of medieval life. Focusing on the spread of paper from the early eighth century, when Muslims in West Asia acquired Chinese knowledge of paper and papermaking, to five centuries later, when they transmitted this knowledge to Christians in Spain and Sicily, the book reveals how paper utterly transformed the passing of knowledge and served as a bridge…


Book cover of White Magic: The Age of Paper

John Gaudet Why did I love this book?

Müller takes up the story of the Kingdom of Paper by illustrating that the Kingdom was still firmly in place by 1932 when paper was omnipresent and indispensable in and for modern civilization. 

He focuses on paper as more than just a writing surface, especially on its physical, material form, as a product of civilization, something which does not occur naturally in the world but instead requires a technology to produce. This leads him into the great boom in Western paper mills and the realization that we are after all still living in what Marshall McLuhan called the “Gutenberg era” which was made possible by paper. 

Müller further notes how in 1997, faced with what seemed like the extinction of the Kingdom of Paper in the face of the Internet, the world found out that paper continues to have a massive presence in modern civilization even after the explosion of digital media.  

By Lothar Muller,

Why should I read it?

1 author picked White Magic as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

Paper is older than the printing press, and even in its unprinted state it was the great network medium behind the emergence of modern civilization. In the shape of bills, banknotes and accounting books it was indispensible to the economy. As forms and files it was essential to bureaucracy. As letters it became the setting for the invention of the modern soul, and as newsprint it became a stage for politics.

In this brilliant new book Lothar Muller describes how paper made its way from China through the Arab world to Europe, where it permeated everyday life in a variety…


Book cover of On Paper: The Everything of its Two-Thousand-Year History

John Gaudet Why did I love this book?

Basbanes’ book examines the many uses for paper. 

He takes us along on a visit to papermaking family mills in villages in China and Japan where handmade paper is still produced in quantity, using two-thousand-year-old traditional methods and local plant materials. This is followed by a summary of the development of pulp paper in Asia, Islam, Italy, and Europe including the evolution of paper machines. 

Much of the book is devoted to an extensive coverage of every possible use of paper, including disposable paper, paper cartridges for rifles, artillery wadding, cigarettes, passports, coded messages, hard copy secret documents, government archives, recycled paper, paper money, postage stamps, diaries, letters, artistic designs, music scores, junk mail, construction plans, origami and paper models.

All proof that as someone said, “The paperless society is about as plausible today as the paperless bathroom.”

By Nicholas A Basbanes,

Why should I read it?

1 author picked On Paper as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.

What is this book about?

A Best Book of the Year: Mother Jones, Bloomberg News, National Post, Kirkus Reviews 

A consideration of all things paper—its invention that revolutionized human civilization; its thousand-fold uses (and misuses), proliferation, and sweeping influence on society; its makers, shapers, collectors, and pulpers—written by the admired cultural historian and author of the trilogy on all things book-related: A Gentle Madness; Patience and Fortitude (“How could any intelligent, literate person not just love this book?”—Simon Winchester); and A Splendor of Letters (“Elegant, wry, and humane”—André Bernard, New York Observer).

Nicholas Basbanes writes about paper, from its invention in China two thousand years…


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By Brett Dakin,

Book cover of American Daredevil: Comics, Communism, and the Battles of Lev Gleason

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Why am I passionate about this?

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What is my book about?

Meet Lev Gleason, a real-life comics superhero! Gleason was a titan among Golden Age comics publishers who fought back against the censorship campaigns and paranoia of the Red Scare. After dropping out of Harvard to fight in World War I in France, Gleason moved to New York City and eventually made it big with groundbreaking titles like Daredevil and Crime Does Not Pay.

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American Daredevil: Comics, Communism, and the Battles of Lev Gleason

By Brett Dakin,

What is this book about?

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Brett Dakin, Gleason's great-nephew, opens up the family archives-and the files of the FBI-to take you on a journey through the publisher's life and career. In American Daredevil, you'll learn the truth about Gleason's rapid rise to the top of comics,…


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